The pomegranate is a fruit of great antiquity and is known to have been cultivated in Middle East more than 5000 years ago, the wild or semi-wild pomegranate still exists in the north of Syria, Iran, Afghanistan and Baluchistan. A shrub or small tree 5-10m high, bark smooth, dark grey; leaves 2.0 – 8.0 cm long, oblong or obviate, shining above, flowers usually deep red, sometimes yellow, 3.7-5.0 cm long, mostly solitary or 2-4 together, fruits glucose, crowned by persistent calyx, with a curvaceous woody send and an interior separated with membranous walls, containing numerous seeds; seeds angular with a fleshy festal which is red, pink and whitish. Fresh pomegranate juice is used as an ingredient of cooling and refrigerant mixtures and of some medicines for dyspepsia. The expressed juice of the leaves and the yond fruit, and the decoction of the bark are used in dysentery. The sweet types of pomegranate are said to be mildly laxative, while the less sweet types are believed to be good in inflammation of stomach and in heart pain. A sherbet of the ripe fruit is given in typhus, gastric and asthmatic fever, inflammation of the urinary tract and hemorrhage.
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